Medium-chain triglycerides (MCT): suitable for weight control?

W. Feldheim, Kiel

Medium-chain triglycerides should predominantly consist of caprylic acid (C8:0) and capric acid (C10:0) and only contain small amounts of caproic (C6:0) and lauric acid (C12:0). The average caloric value of MCT is 8.25 kcal/g. MCT are quicker hydrolized compared to triglycerides consisting of long-chain fatty acids (LCT). Medium-chain fatty acids reach the liver, where most of the MCT oxidized, via the portal vein.

Acetyl-CoA produced by ß-oxidation is further oxidized to CO2 and may be used for ketone body formation and de-novo synthesis of fatty acids. In the majority of studies, the ß-hydroxybutyrate plasma level increased after intake of MCT. Some of the medium-chain fatty acids are subject to omega-oxidation from which dicarbonic acids result. Weight loss in persons on reduction diets is increased by exchange of LCT containing food by food containing MCT.

This is due to the lower caloric value of MCT and higher energy losses, compared to LCT, by nutritional thermogenesis and/or a higher basal metabolism. If LCT are replaced by MCT, about 2 kcal/g fat are saved, provided the MCT are triglycerides with C8 and C10 fatty acids. In obese persons, oxidation of dietary long-chain, but not of medium-chain fatty acids, could be reduced. Some studies have shown MCT to enhance the feeling of satiation. These advantages of MCT help in reduction diets and increase compliance.

Keywords: Medium-chain triglycerides / metabolism / nutritional thermogenesis /weight control

Sie finden den Artikel in deutscher Sprache in Ernährungs-Umschau 01/03 ab Seite04.